{"id":5346,"date":"2025-03-06T17:00:01","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T17:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/?page_id=5346"},"modified":"2025-03-20T11:12:41","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T11:12:41","slug":"minimal-ar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/laboratori\/imrlab\/minimal-ar\/","title":{"rendered":"Minimal AR"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5346\" class=\"elementor elementor-5346\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1964554 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1964554\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9ef4d5\" data-id=\"a9ef4d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbf728c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bbf728c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Minimal AR authoring approach<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db3edff elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"db3edff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-869d63e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"869d63e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Contact: <a title=\"Michele Gattullo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/about-us\/our-team\/michele-gattullo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michele Gattullo<\/a>, <a title=\"Enricoandrea Laviola\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/about-us\/our-team\/enricoandrea-laviola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enricoandrea Laviola<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7dcb445 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7dcb445\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-84dec9f\" data-id=\"84dec9f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c18b19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"7c18b19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/minimal_logo.mp4\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b58aa08 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b58aa08\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a8c467\" data-id=\"0a8c467\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b60eab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b60eab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2671d5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2671d5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <strong>\u201cminimal AR\u201d authoring approach<\/strong> aims to provide procedural instructions (e.g., for assembly, maintenance) with optimized AR visual assets. It is based on Norman&#8217;s definitions of <strong>affordance and signifier<\/strong>. Affordance comes from a good object design that naturally communicates how to use it. In case of low affordance, a secondary source of information is needed: a signifier.<\/p><p>In the minimal AR approach, the virtual content that minimizes the gap between the information provided and that needed to understand the task is called <strong>\u201cminimal AR signifier.\u201d<\/strong> Using AR signifiers with more information than the minimal one would not be useful for operators to understand the task, but could increase the authoring effort. Instead, AR signifiers with less information would reduce performance with potential errors because operators could misinterpret the instruction.<\/p><p>However, defining the minimal AR signifier is not simple because, following the affordance definition, the minimal virtual content could differ depending on object properties and user capabilities regarding a given assembly scenario.<\/p><p>The <strong>final goal<\/strong> of our research is then to provide the scientific community and companies with <strong>practical industrial case studies<\/strong> on how to design minimal AR signifiers, according to the various information contained in procedural instructions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0eca54 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0eca54\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8aaf94c\" data-id=\"8aaf94c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5916f3 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b5916f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;bounceIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DRAWING_2-1-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5354\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DRAWING_2-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DRAWING_2-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DRAWING_2-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DRAWING_2-1.jpg 1504w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-05116a8\" data-id=\"05116a8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d93add elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2d93add\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;bounceIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/teaser-v5-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5377\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/teaser-v5-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/teaser-v5-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/teaser-v5-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/teaser-v5-1536x865.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/teaser-v5.jpg 1581w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cc38f9c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cc38f9c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5b197b\" data-id=\"f5b197b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c05e48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c05e48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Main publications<\/strong><b><br \/><\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-37445b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"37445b9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1c82a5\" data-id=\"a1c82a5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9dc274 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d9dc274\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Laviola, E., Uva, A. E., &amp; Gattullo, M. (2024). <strong>The minimal AR authoring approach: Validation in a real assembly scenario.<\/strong> <em>Computers in Industry<\/em>, <em>154<\/em>, 104026.<\/p><p>Romano, S., Laviola, E., Gattullo, M., Fiorentino, M., &amp; Uva, A. E. (2023). <strong>More Arrows in the Quiver: investigating the use of auxiliary models to localize in-view components with augmented reality.<\/strong> <em>IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics<\/em>, <em>29<\/em>(11), 4483-4493.<\/p><p>Laviola, E., Gattullo, M., Manghisi, V. M., Fiorentino, M., &amp; Uva, A. E. (2022). <strong>Minimal AR: visual asset optimization for the authoring of augmented reality work instructions in manufacturing.<\/strong> <em>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology<\/em>, 1-16.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Minimal AR authoring approach Contact: Michele Gattullo, Enricoandrea Laviola https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/minimal_logo.mp4 Abstract The \u201cminimal AR\u201d authoring approach aims to provide procedural instructions (e.g., for assembly, maintenance) with optimized AR visual assets. It is based on Norman&#8217;s definitions of affordance and signifier. Affordance comes from a good object design that naturally communicates how to use it. In [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":5134,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5346","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5346"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5601,"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5346\/revisions\/5601"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5134"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dmmm.poliba.it\/vr3lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}